Micro Flight supports several types of vehicles, the following
sections show the detailes of the various formats of these
vehicles and gives instructions for creating them.
All of these vehicles have intrument panels which share the
same format and are documented in the following sections.
The planes are based on a 3D mesh file which containes all the
moving parts of the plane, and on a full 6 Degrees Of Freedom
flight model.
The gliders directory inside the MicroFlight
directory containes the available planes, each plane is placed
inside a directory inside the MicroFlight\aircraft directory.
This file containes the aerodynamic
characteristecs of the plane and a short description for it.
| The structure of the
Plane.cfg file is as follows: |
1 [glider_type]
0 [has_engine]
50.0 [hp]
6500 [rpm_max]
3600 [time_fuel]
25 [prop_pitch]
50 [prop_diam]
1 [prop_num]
10.0 [sur_w]
15.0 [spn_w]
0.3 [al_max]
-0.3 [al_min]
0.1 [al_inst]
0.0 [al_dihed]
0.0 [x_w]
5.5 [cla_w]
0.02 [cd0_w]
0.05 [cdi_w]
0.2 [cdf]
0.0 [clf]
1 [has_flaps]
0.01 [cd0]
0.0 [x_cg]
250.0 [mass]
100.0 [i_xx]
100.0 [i_yy]
100.0 [i_zz]
6 [sink_max]
5 [g_max]
0.0 [camera_x0]
0.5 [camera_y0]
2.5 [camera_z0]
0.2 [x_lg1]
0.8 [y_lg1]
-3.2 [x_lg2]
0.8 [y_lg2]
0.02 [lg_kf]
0.75 [sur_ht]
5.5 [cla_ht]
0.02 [cd0_ht]
0.05 [cdi_ht]
-0.1 [al_inst_ht]
4.5 [x_ht]
0.75 [sur_e]
0.5 [al_max_e]
-0.5 [al_min_e]
0.75 [sur_a]
0.5 [al_max_a]
-0.5 [al_min_a]
0.5 [sur_vt]
5.5 [cla_vt]
0.02 [cd0_vt]
0.05 [cdi_vt]
4.5 [x_vt]
0.1 [y_vt]
0.5 [sur_r]
0.5 [al_max_r]
-0.5 [al_min_r]
panel_3 [panel_name]
0.0 [x_panel]
0.32 [y_panel]
3.25 [z_panel]
---------------------------------------@
Advanced Training Glider:
Two seat training glider with excellent gliding
qualities.
|
Explanation:
|
| glider_type |
0 - hang glider 1 - conventional 2 - paraglider |
| has_engine |
Engine type ( 0 - no engine, 1 - propeller, 2 -
turbojet, 3 - rocket ) |
| has_reflection |
0 - no reflection , 1 - with reflection |
| th0 |
Thrust in newtons for rocket and jet. |
| hp |
Engine power ( horse power for propeller, newtons for
rocket and jet ) |
| rpm_max |
Engine maximum RPM ( RPM ) |
| rpm_min |
Engine minimum RPM ( RPM ) |
| time_fuel |
Fuel capacity of plane, at full throttle ( seconds ) |
| prop_pitch |
Propeller pitch (In) |
| prop_diam |
Propeller diameter (In) |
| eta_prop |
prop efficiency ( typical 0.85 ) |
| pitch_ratio |
max/min propeller pitch ratio ( typical 1.65 ) |
| mixt_ratio |
min/max fuel mixture ratio ( typical 0.5 ) |
| ccw_left |
left side propellers rotate counter clockwise |
| ccw_right |
right side propellers rotate counter clockwise |
| sur_w |
Wing surface (M^2) |
| spn_w |
Wing span (M) |
| al_max |
Wing maximum angle of attack (Radian) |
| al_min |
Wing minimum angle of attack (Radian) |
| al_inst |
Angle between wing aerodynamic chord and axis of
plane (Radian) |
| al_dihed |
Wing dihedral angle (Radian) |
| x_w |
Wing position, measured between model origin and aerodynamic
center of wing (m) |
| cla_w |
Wing lift line slope (1/Radian) |
| cd0_w |
Wing zero incidence drag coefficient |
| cdi_w |
Wing induced drag coefficient (CD = CD0 + K*CLa*CLa) |
| cdf |
Flaps or Airbrakes additive drag coefficient |
| clf |
Flaps additive lift coefficient |
| has_flaps |
1 - plane has flaps, 0 - no flaps |
| has_brakes |
1 - plane has airbrakes, 0 - no airbrakes |
| cd0 |
Body zero incidence drag coefficient |
| x_cg |
Center of gravity position, measured from model origin (m) |
| mass |
Mass of plane including fuel (Kg) |
| i_xx |
Pitch moment of inertia (Kg x M^2) |
| i_yy |
Yaw moment of inertia (Kg x M^2) |
| i_zz |
Roll moment of inertia (Kg x M^2) |
| sink_max |
Maximum allowable touch down rate of decent (M/Sec) |
| g_max |
Maximal positive stress allowed (g) |
| camera_x0 |
Position of cockpit camera along X axis |
| camera_y0 |
Position of cockpit camera along Y axis |
| camera_z0 |
Position of cockpit camera along Z axis |
| x_lg1 |
Main gear position, measured from model origin (M) |
| y_lg1 |
Main gear height, measured from axis of plane (M) |
| x_lg2 |
Auxiliary gear position, measured from model origin (M) |
| y_lg2 |
Auxiliary gear height, measured from axis of plane
(M) |
| lg_kf |
Landing gear kinematical friction coefficient |
| sur_ht |
Horizontal tail surface (M^2) |
| cla_ht |
Horizontal tail lift line slope (1/Radian) |
| cd0_ht |
Horizontal tail zero incidence drag coefficient |
| cdi_ht |
Horizontal tail induced drag coefficient |
| al_inst_ht |
Angle between tail aerodynamic chord and axis of
plane (Radian) |
| x_ht |
Horizontal tail position, measured between model origin and
aerodynamic center of tail (M) |
| sur_e |
Elevator surface (M^2) , surface of moving control
surface of tail ( the elevator ) |
| al_max_e |
Elevator maximum angle of attack (Radian) |
| al_min_e |
Elevator minimum angle of attack (Radian) |
| sur_a |
Ailerons surface (M^2) , surface of moving control
surface of wing ( the ailerons ) |
| al_max_a |
Ailerons maximum angle of attack (Radian) |
| al_min_a |
Ailerons minimum angle of attack (Radian) |
| sur_vt |
Vertical tail surface (M^2) |
| cla_vt |
Vertical tail lift line slope (1/Radian) |
| cd0_vt |
Vertical tail zero incidence drag coefficient |
| cdi_vt |
Vertical tail induced drag coefficient |
| x_vt |
Vertical tail position , measured between model origin and
aerodynamic center of tail (M) |
| y_vt |
Vertical tail AC and also Engine CP, measured from axis of plane
(M) upwards |
| sur_r |
Rudder surface (M^2) , surface of moving control
surface of tail ( the rudder ) |
| al_max_r |
Rudder maximum angle of attack (Radian) |
| al_min_r |
Rudder minimum angle of attack (Radian) |
| panel_name |
Name of panel that will be used for plane |
| panel_scale |
Scale of panel |
| x_panel |
X position of the instrument panel |
| y_panel |
Y position of the instrument panel |
| z_panel |
Z position of the instrument panel |
| dx_panel |
X direction vector of panel |
| dy_panel |
Y direction vector of panel |
| dz_panel |
Z direction vector of panel |
| ux_panel |
X up vector of panel |
| uy_panel |
Y up vector of panel |
| uz_panel |
Z up vector of panel |
When designing a plane without rudder or elevator these values
will be the values of equivalent control surfaces which are
required to give the stability and control characteristics of the
plane.
This is a multi-frame hirarchy mesh file, it can be created by
converting a 3DS file into an X file by using the command
"conv3ds [filename.3ds]" , conv3ds.exe is a small
freeware converter written by Microsoft.
The plane.x file can contain over 50 moving parts, each of
these parts must have a specific name so that the program can
find it and animate it in flight.
This file
can be created by converting a 3DS file into an X file by using the
command "conv3ds -A
[filename.3ds]" , conv3ds.exe is
a small freeware converter written by Microsoft.
